on the consequences of the violation of critical pedagogy principles from iranian efl teacher trainers’ perspectives

the application of critical pedagogy in educational contexts has received adequate research attention over the last decades. the main focus of this strand of research has, however, been on raising awareness of the educators. nevertheless, little is known about the consequences of the violation of critical pedagogy principles from efl teacher trainers’ perspectives. to begin to address this gap in research, a qualitative (phenomenological) study was carried out to explore the main consequences of violating critical pedagogy in the higher education system of iran. the participants were 15 faculty members of tefl and english literature at 10 iranian state universities. the data were collected through in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews and analyzed according to radnor’s (2001) model. the results indicated that the main consequences of the violation of critical pedagogy were educational (related to teaching, learning, and testing), psychological, social, and ideological. therefore, it was concluded that educators must follow the principles of cp in order to avoid the negative consequences and foster the learning and teaching processes more effectively.